To facilitate adoption by cranberry growers, the nematodes were tested using standard spray equipment on commercial acreage. The nematodes have few nontarget effects when sprayed in commercial cranberry beds. can reduce cranberry girdler populations, and has shown a high level of virulence against spotted wing drosophila. These nematodes appear to also have the potential to suppress insects that are not key pests of the cranberry industry. These nematodes have short life cycle, wide host range, and can resist under unfavourable conditions and environmental extremes. In addition, can induce high mortality rates in the cranberry fruitworm, a notoriously difficult pest for US cranberries. Entomopathogenic nematodes belonging to genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis together with their symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus, respectively, and slug-parasitic nematodes Phasmarhabditis with its symbiotic bacteria Moraxella have been considered as promising biocontrol agents for the management of crop insect pests and slugs. Flea beetle larvae are particularly troublesome pests for cranberry growers, and the nematodes were able to provide control equal to the best insecticides. With respect to the cranberry flea beetle and the sparganothis fruitworm, both nematodes are highly virulent. The two nematode species, either alone or in combination, were highly effective at controlling key cranberry pests. Two native nematodes were recovered:, and. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) represent such a bio-control agent. Therefore, native soil-dwelling natural enemies likely exist in Wisconsin that should be able to suppress them. These pests, which are native to Wisconsin, spend part or all of their larval stages in the soil. BCA is one of the emerging trends in the crop protection industry supporting the wider trend of non-chemical pest control. (1) - BioControl Agents (BCAs) are beneficial organisms that assist farmers in pest control and plant growth. The purpose of this dissertation is therefore to provide the cranberry industry of Wisconsin with a novel bio-insecticide. BioControl Agents market: microbial and microbial are used as active substances for BioControl as active substance. There are currently no commercially available biological control agents to assist the growers, and the flea beetle is especially difficult to control with insecticides alone. The cranberry industry of Wisconsin struggles to control several key pests, several of which are insects, such as the cranberry fruitworm, the sparganothis fruitworm, and the cranberry flea beetle.

It covers the use of three main types of nematodes: entomopathogenic nematodes, entomophilic nematodes and slug-parasitic nematodes. ronmentally safe strategies, such as the use of biocontrol agents like entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) against this cerambycid pest, especially in the late.

Native Wisconsin Nematodes as Biological Control Agents for Cranberry Pests Book Description : This book documents and illustrates major developments in the use of nematodes for the biological control of insects and slugs. Native Wisconsin Nematodes as Biological Control Agents for Cranberry Pests

Nematodes as biocontrol agents pdf